Tailoring the delivery mode of breast self-examination instructions to the individuals’ preference

Abstract

Background: The cognitive theory of multimedia learning suggests that combining written text with illustrations or spoken text with visuals improves recall of information. However, research has not yet reached agreement on what mode of delivery is most effective for providing health instructions. As individuals differ in their preference for delivery modes, the effectiveness of health instructions might depend on the individuals’ preference. The current study examines whether tailoring to mode preference is more effective than non-tailoring. Methods: Breast self-examination (BSE) instructions were either tailored to participants’ (N = 205) mode preference by offering mode choice (i.e., text, text with illustrations, or video) or non-tailored by randomly providing one of these modes. Outcome variables were recall of the instructions and intention to perform BSE. Findings: Results showed that the intention to perform BSE was higher when instructions were tailored to participants’ mode preference than when non-tailored. There was no effect of tailoring on recall. Discussion: Tailoring to mode preference appears to increase women’s intention to perform BSE. Mode tailoring thus provides a potentially fruitful way for advancing tailored health communication.