Dyadic empathy in the context of stress in romantic relationships

Abstract

Background: Dyadic empathy is a precondition for successful relationships. To understand the underlying processes in the context of stress, we explore the influence of type of stressor (internal versus external) on mutual stress reactions and relationship functioning. Methods: 75 couples rate their own and partner’s stress (MDS-P), relationship satisfaction (PFB-K) and mood (BSKE) before and after a 10minute conflict discussion. Cortisol is measured in saliva samples at four time points. Data are analyzed with the actor-partner-interdependence model. Expected results: Differences in stress perception lead to difficulties in couple communication, rise of stress hormone concentrations, impairment of mood after the discussion and relationship satisfaction. Current stage of work: Data of 33 couples suggest that the partner’s external stress can be perceived adequately (men β=.448, p<.05; women β=.546, p<.05). However, the internal stress of the partner isn’t perceived accurately, but deduced from one’s own stress (men β=.594, p<.001; women β=.656, p<.01). Discussion: If internal stress can’t be perceived correctly by the partner and results in negative relationship outcomes, strengthening this specific skill will contribute to relationship functioning and health.