A picture of health: translating complex physical activity data into meaningful and motivating multidimensional feedback

Abstract

Background: The aim of the present research was to turn complex data from wearable physical activity monitors into visual feedback that encompasses a clear and more holistic picture of physical activity. Methods: With an expert multidisciplinary panel and graphic design professionals we developed several representations of multidimensional feedback using minute-by-minute energy expenditure data in an iterative user centred design process. Qualitative interviews on a targeted clinical population and health professionals receiving personalised data was used to test and refine these images. Findings: We developed 9 graphical representations of physical activity data that could clearly distinguish between individuals with high, moderate and low activity across multiple health-harnessing aspects. Features such as traffic light colours, visual discrepancies to display proximity to a target and graded activity intensity patterns were championed features of the designs. Discussion: Complex minute by minute energy expenditure data can be suitably transformed into meaningful visual feedback that captures all health-harnessing aspects of physical activity. Researchers and practitioners can use this feedback to educate and motivate individuals who are set to benefit from lifestyle changes through goal-setting and self-monitoring.