Regrets? I’ve had a few…

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported positive results from using anticipated regret (AR) as a manipulation to increase targeted health behaviours. This paper reviews three recent large-scale interventions studies that have used AR - colorectal cancer screening (ARTICS), organ donor registration (INORDAR) and breast cancer screening (TELBRECS). Methods: In ARTICS 60,000 members of the general public posted a colorectal screening FOBT test kit were randomized to 1 of 3 arms, including AR. In INORDAR 14,500 members of the general public were randomized to 1 of 3 arms, including AR and in TELBRECS 856 women who had missed a breast screening appointment were randomised to 1 of 4 arms, including AR. All used intention to treat analysis. Findings: In none of the three studies did a simple AR intervention lead to a significant increase in the targeted health behavior. Discussion Counter to hypotheses, in all 3 large studies, AR did not lead to promotion of the targeted health behaviour. The findings will be critically evaluated, focusing on mode of delivery as a key aspect of intervention design.