Perspectives on physical activity from older adults and exercise programme providers in low socioeconomic environments

Abstract

Background: Physical activity can reduce risks of chronic illnesses, frailty, and deterioration of cognitive function. Despite this, the number of older adults engaging in recommended levels of physical activity decreases dramatically with age. Older adults in lower socioeconomic status (SES) areas are less active and experience greater barriers to physical activity, yet are often absent from research studies. The present research aims to elicit issues affecting acceptability of physical activity from older adults and physical activity providers in lower socioeconomic areas. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 older adults aged 67-94 years, independently living in lower SES areas, and eight trainers/providers of physical activity working with older adults. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis within the Framework Approach. Findings: Key issues included low SES older adults’ perception that society does not sufficiently value them. Lack of personal financial resources and cuts in existing services mean that increased flexibility of provision is needed. Low SES older adults also had multiple time commitments, so attending additional sessions may not be desirable. Providers in different domains focused on different goals (either social or health outcomes) rather than addressing both. Discussion: Service provision needs to ensure older adults feel valued, and be manageable with available financial and time resources. Teaching and encouraging activities that can be performed outside of led groups could help individuals meet guidelines without additional cost (to individual or provider) or reduction of other valued activities. A more holistic approach by service providers could meet both social and health needs.