From theory-inspired to theory-based interventions: linking behaviour change techniques to their mechanisms of action

Abstract

Aims: To outline the role and current state of theory in designing and evaluating behaviour change interventions; To present a methodology for linking behaviour change techniques with mechanisms of action; To report findings about links between behaviour change techniques and hypothesised mechanisms of action as a) reported in the scientific literature and b) identified through expert consensus; To promote discussion about future work to advance theoretical development and application to health and health services. Rationale: Interventions are frequently described as based on theory – but are they truly theory-based or only theory-inspired? To advance the science, and to realise the potential of theory to improve health and health services, we need to develop a clearer understanding about the mechanisms of action through which behaviour change techniques have their effect. This requires the development of a methodology to synthesise evidence about how this is a) reported in published literature and b) agreed by experts in the field. Such a methodology can lead to a valid framework for linking behaviour change techniques to mechanisms of action. This is an important step towards empirically testing the hypothesised links, which may, in turn, lead to the development of more effective interventions. Summary: This symposium will present four papers on a programme of research linking behaviour change techniques with their hypothesised mechanisms of action. Susan Michie will outline the role and current state of theory in behaviour change interventions. Findings will be presented about links between behaviour change techniques and hypothesised mechanisms of action as: reported in the scientific literature (Rachel Carey) and identified by expert consensus (Marie Johnston). Alex Rothman will report the triangulation of these studies. Two discussants from within (Mike Kelly) and outside (Karina Davidson) the research team will promote discussion about future work and applications to health and health services.