The development of lasting impact: a theory-based concussion education programme

Abstract

Background: The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a theory- and evidence-based concussion education programme for coaches using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivations and Behaviours Model (COM-B model); Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF); and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) Framework. Methods: Three sources of data were used to inform intervention development which included: (i) review of existing literature, (ii) a needs assessment survey, and (iii) pilot testing. The findings from all three sources of data were used to identify barriers to concussion identification and reporting, as well as preferred intervention content and mode of delivery. Subsequently, we identified Behaviour Change Techniques (BCTs) that were applicable to the intervention and then linked them to the intervention functions of the BCW. Finally, the BCTs were mapped to the TDF domains and corresponding Com-B model. Findings: Content was developed and mapped to 24 BCTs and 7 functions of the BCW that may result in behaviour change. The most frequently utilised BCTs included ‘provide information on consequences of behaviour to the target, ‘environmental restructuring’, and ‘prompt identification as role model.’ Intervention content was also representative of all components of the COM-B model, and to 12 of the 14 TDF domains. Discussion: This paper demonstrates how the COM-B model, TDF, and BCW theoretical framework can be used simultaneously in the development of an injury prevention programme. Future work will evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention using a cluster randomised trial.