A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies Using Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) Model Components to Prevent and Manage Chronic Diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND The HAPA model and HAPA-like approaches (incorporating self-efficacy plus multiple motivational and volitional components) are increasingly applied in intervention studies. This review: 1) describes how HAPA-based approaches have been used to design or evaluate interventions to change behaviours for preventing/managing chronic disease; 2) examines the effectiveness of HAPA-based interventions. METHODS Relevant studies were identified, selected and synthesised as per our protocol: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.asp?ID=CRD42013003596 FINDINGS 402 of 669 potentially relevant papers initially identified were selected for full text review, with 54 studies included. Over half were published in the last 2 years and half were European. Apart from self-efficacy, intention/goal-setting was the most used, and risk perception the least used component. Most studies were trials and targeted exercise, diet and/or weight loss. Detailed data extraction is ongoing. DISCUSSION This review assesses the use and effectiveness of HAPA-based approaches in interventions, suggesting there is scope for their application to a wide range of preventative and disease management behaviours.