Using Implementation Intentions to Improve Breakfast Consumption: the Effect of Baseline Intention

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether implementation intentions could increase breakfast consumption in Australian young adults aged 18-25. The moderating effect of intention on the relationship between implementation intentions and breakfast consumption was also examined. Method: Participants (n=71) responded to a baseline questionnaire measuring intentions and breakfast consumption, and were randomized to either the implementation intention or control group. A similar survey was then completed one to two weeks from baseline to determine whether breakfast consumption had increased. Findings: It was found that participants in the implementation intentions did not significantly increase breakfast consumption compared to the control group. Intention moderated this effect, such that the intervention was effective for those participants with weaker intentions to consume breakfast at baseline. Discussion: By building on further research in the area, this study supports the endeavour to increase breakfast consumption through the use of implementation intentions. However, such research must account for the impact of baseline intention on intervention efficacy.