A template for describing behaviour change theories

Abstract

Background: The aim of this presentation is to propose, and prompt discussion on, a template to improve the reporting of behaviour change theories. Methods: 83 theories of behaviour change were analysed in terms of their clarity of exposition of key features and a draft template derived to provide a set of guidance for specifying theories that addressed limitations identified. Findings: The draft template included headings of: Name, Brief summary (main propositions), Scope (in terms of phenomena/findings it seeks to explain), Target (individuals, populations or social structures), Type (statistical, realist, dynamic, narrative), Rationale (how it improves on what is already there), Constructs (key elements), Relationships between constructs, Provenance (what theories does it draw on), Similarity (what theories it is most like), Complementarity (what theories it works with), Operationalisation (how can constructs and relationships be measured or identified), Hypotheses (what hypotheses does it make and how do these differ from other theories), and Uses (what it can be used for). Discussion: Theory development, testing and use may be improved by use of a template that promotes more complete and accurate description.