Using N-of-1 methodology to study or change health-related behaviour

Abstract

Aim: N-of-1 methodology can be used to investigate intra-individual changes in health-related behaviour. This symposium aims to bring together individuals with an interest in N-of-1 methodology to share experiences of applying N-of-1 methods to study or change health-related behaviour. The symposium aims to discuss some of the key issues pertinent to N-of-1 methodology including different N-of-1 designs and methods of analysis. The symposium aims to encourage the application of N-of-1 methodology in health psychology research and the discussion will inform the future conduct and analysis of N-of-1 studies. Rationale: N-of-1 methodology is increasingly attracting attention among researchers and is emerging as a viable research method in health psychology research. There are several advantages of using N-of-1 methodology: N-of-1 studies can help to advance our knowledge and understanding about the process of behaviour change within individuals. Also, N-of-1 studies can identify the predictors of behaviour unique to the individual and this information can be used to develop highly personalised behaviour change interventions which may be more effective. Despite interest in the methodology there remains some uncertainty in regards to issues including, but not limited to, appropriate statistical analysis techniques and generalisability. Summary: The symposium will highlight the key features and advantages of N-of-1 methodology and will include examples of empirical studies. The findings from observational and experimental N-of-1 studies (i.e. AB design, RCT design) which have tested behavioural theory and interventions within individuals will be presented. The presentations will cover a range of methods of analysis. Discussion will focus on areas which currently lack clarity and consensus in regards to the application of N-of-1 methodology in health psychology research.