Use of behavior change techniques in a school-based physical activity intervention: Feasibility study results

Abstract

Background: Interventions rarely measure whether participants actually use the intended behavior change techniques (BCTs). We investigated uptake of BCTs and intervention acceptability of the Let’s Move It program that aimed to increase physical activity (PA). Methods: In a randomized feasibility study, six group intervention sessions were delivered within 4-5 weeks. Participants (N=43) reported their use of 14 BCTs at baseline, post-intervention and six months. PA was measured with accelerometers. Intervention participants rated satisfaction (acceptability) post-intervention. Findings: Acceptability ratings were high (M=6.29, SD=0.56, scale range 1-7). Intervention group reported increased use of BCTs post-intervention. Post-intervention, the proportion of weekly users of BCTs ranged from 50% to 80%, e.g., 50% reported having used self-monitoring and 65% coping planning. BCT use correlated with objectively measured PA (r=.41, p<.05). Discussion: Even in well delivered and acceptable interventions, participants’ enactment of BCTs may remain lower than expected. Participants might choose to use the BCTs they see as the most valuable. Investigating BCT use enabled identifying needs for improvement in intervention design, and strategies to promote BCT use were included in the optimized intervention.