Moderation effect of BMI on unhealthy eating habits

Abstract

Background: Unhealthy eating habits are a barrier against diet. However, some people maintain a healthy body despite their habits. This study examined the difference of influences of unhealthy eating habits between people with BMI below and above healthy levels. Method: 368 female participants completed an online questionnaire including measures of snacking habit (SRHI), diet intention, unhealthy willingness (reactive motivation), behavioral control (internal and external control), and BMI. Two weeks later, subsequent consumption of snacks (FFQ) was measured. Findings: The consumption of snacks was determined by unhealthy willingness, external control, and snacking habits. Diet intention and internal control had no effect on the consumption. Moreover, the process analysis indicated a moderated mediation effect of BMI and unhealthy willingness on the strength of habits. Unhealthy willingness mediated the influence of snacking habits only among people with BMI above healthy levels. Discussion: People with a healthy body tend to eat snacks as a result of habitual routine. People who are overweight tend to eat snacks reactively to their habits. The study discussed the importance of tailored approach to dieting depending on BMI.