EMOTIONAL PROCESSES AND HEALTH: THE ROLE OF EMOTIONAL DISCLOSURE

This expert meeting was facilitated by James Pennebaker (USA) & Bernard Rimé (Belgium).

BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN THEORY, EVIDENCE AND INTERVENTION RESEARCH

This expert meeting was facilitated by Susan Michie (UK), Pascal Sheeran (UK), and Alexander Rothman (USA).

CULTURE, HEALTH AND ILLNESS REPRESENTATIONS – DEVELOPING AN INTERNATIONAL AGENDA FOR CROSS-CULTURAL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

This expert meeting was facilitated by Michael Diefenbach (US), Jeanne Edman (US) & Alison Karasz (US).

PRAGMATICS OF RUNNING CLINICAL TRIALS: DESIGN, MANAGEMENT AND THE PROCESSES OF CHANGE

THE WORKSHOP AT A GLANCE

The SYNERGY annual workshop is organised to provide an opportunity for discussion between health psychologists conducting research in core fields within health psychology. The focus is on advancing the standard of work within the field by pooling expertise, sharing critical evaluations, and stimulating networking and collaborative research between researchers from all over Europe in an informal and supportive atmosphere. It is also an opportunity for researchers to present their research for discussion in depth with other experts working in the same field in a friendly and relaxed atmosphere.

Recently, there has been a strong call for health psychologists to engage in more translational research. Two recent editorials in Psychology and Health by leading health psychologists focused on this theme. Taylor (2008) proposed that intervention research should ask two interrelated questions “how can we make a difference in prevention or patient care, and if we do, what mechanisms might underlie these effects?’ (p 133). Leventhal et al. (2007) argued that we not only need to translate concepts from theory into practice to create interventions but we also need to make sure our work meets the standards of current evidence-based practice. Intervention trials are often the most challenging forms of research but if set up correctly they can also be the most rewarding. This year’s SYNERGY workshop will provide an opportunity to bring together experienced and more novice researchers to critically examine some of the more pragmatic aspects of clinical trials and address the following key topics:

• Designing trials to maximise outputs throughout the trial focusing on process and outcome (e.g. choosing control conditions, addressing ethical issues, assessing therapist effects and fidelity of treatment)
• Setting up intervention trials and the day-to-day running of clinical trials
• Testing mediator and moderator designs both in relation to improving theory and enhancing intervention effectiveness

The workshop will last three days and the scheduled timetable is: Sunday 20th September 1400-1730, Monday 21st September 0930-1730 and Tuesday 22nd 0930-1730.

The workshop will be facilitated by: Prof Rona Moss-Morris, University of Southampton, UK; Prof Trudie Chalder, Institute of Psychiatry and King’s College London, UK; Dr Alison Wearden, University of Manchester, UK; Prof Gijs Bleijenberg, University Nijmegen, Netherlands.
The facilitators will guide the work, support and moderate the discussion.

The workshop fee is EUR 255 (this includes the workshop materials, lunch for Monday 21st and Tuesday 22nd Sept, coffee breaks and the workshop dinner). Please note that accommodation is not included. Rooms have been reserved at the Hotel Granduca (approx. 85EUR pn; see http://www.hotelgranduca.it). Also a few rooms are available at the Campus (approx. 35 EUR pn) for students and/or low economy citizens. Further details about accommodation will be sent separately to all delegates once their registration is received.

Note that the EHPS is offering 2 grants to those who want to attend the SYNERGY workshop but do not have sufficient financial resources. Each grant will be up to EUR 1100. For further information about the grants, please check the EHPS webite (http://ehps.net) and under EHPS Grants and Stipends 2009.

The workshop will be held at the National Research Area, San Cataldo, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa (see http://www.area.pi.cnr.it).

The workshop will be held in English language.

Participants need to become a member of the EHPS and therefore will also receive the benefits of EHPS membership (www.ehps.net).

BEYOND TALK AND TEXT: STRETCHING AND ENRICHING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PRACTICE

BRIEF WORKSHOP OVERVIEW (SEE BELOW FOR DETAILS)

WORKSHOP DETAILS

WHAT IS THE FOCUS?

Qualitative research methodologies are becoming relatively common within health psychology, although their newness promotes a tendency for these methodologies and methods to be used in rather formulaic ways. This workshop challenges the formulaic use of methodology, promotes the use of more inventive and imaginative forms of qualitative research practice, and promotes innovation in planning and reporting qualitative research. The focus is on extending the boundaries and advancing the standard of work within the field. We will consider a wide range of recent developments in methodology – visual methods including photo-voice, photo-elicitation and graphic elicitation techniques, mobile research involving walking and go-along interviews, longitudinal research and multiple contacts, observational methods, drama and arts-based research practices, the involvement of time, space and materiality, as well as the use of multiple methodologies. The workshop will also consider the implications of these research approaches and methods for ethical practice and reflexivity, and examine innovative ways of reporting qualitative research.

WHO SHOULD ATTEND?

This workshop is suitable for researchers who have some experience in qualitative health research, and who are seeking to stretch and extend their knowledge of qualitative research in innovative directions. It is not necessary to have extensive experience in conducting qualitative research to attend, but the workshop is not intended as an entry-level course on qualitative research.

WHAT WILL WE DO?

The workshop will be run as a collaborative engagement, seeking to pool expertise, share ideas and critical evaluations, and stimulate networking. It will involve presentations by the facilitator on key issues – methods, data collection, data analysis, ethics, reflexivity, and reporting research – but a significant amount of time will be spent working in small groups to develop specific research projects brought by participants. Participants will collaboratively help to develop and critique one another’s projects, and each participant will have developed the completed draft of an innovative research proposal at the conclusion of the workshop.

THE SCHEDULED TIMETABLE:

Sunday 29, 13.30-17.30; Monday 30 and Tuesday 31, 09.30-17.30
A draft workshop overview (we may modify this as we go through the workshop sessions):
Day 1: will commence with introductions and an orientation to the workshop, an overview of the approaches we will take to qualitative researching, a presentation and discussion on recent innovative developments in qualitative methods, followed by presentations of participant’s project topics and ideas.
Day 2: the morning will commence with a presentation on data collection and management focusing on non-textual data; the remainder of the morning will involve small group work involving the development of participant projects and reporting back; the afternoon will start with another presentation and discussion about data analysis and reflexivity in research; this will be followed by further group work to refine and justify the methods to be used in research projects.
Day 3: the morning will commence with a presentation on challenges for research ethics and creative presentation of research findings, arising from the use of innovative methods; the balance of the morning will be small group work focusing on finalising the research projects, including ethics, data analyses and reporting; the afternoon will be spent on presenting and critiquing the projects. The workshop will close with a discussion to finalise how we report back into the conference.

WHAT SHOULD YOU BRING?

Please develop and bring a research topic, issue or proposal that you are currently planning, or one you are interested to develop, so that it can be worked up and developed collectively during the workshop. Participants will work collaboratively on these projects during the workshop with a view to developing them into finished research proposals.

HOW SHOULD YOU PREPARE?

Search out and determine the basic idea for your research topic, issue or proposal. Read some of the articles on the reading list, especially those that appear relevant for your project or those that particularly take your attention. Note that there is now a very wide range of published articles and books relevant to the topics of the workshop. Those suggested on the reading list involve only journal articles and not books, and are just a (somewhat esoteric) selection from the much more extensive reading list that will be issued during the workshop. Feel free to locate other readings of relevance and to bring references to the workshop so we can build up a wider reading list to share.

WHAT ARE THE EXPECTED OUTCOMES?

The outcomes are to:

• develop critical thinking about qualitative research in general;
• extend knowledge about and use of emerging and innovative qualitative research methodologies and methods;
• provide experience in developing, conducting and reporting more complex qualitative research;
• promote understanding of the value, and the implications of, a creative and reflexive approach to research practice; and
• facilitate networks and collaboration between qualitative health psychology researchers in Europe.

Finally, we will plan an innovative presentation showcasing the work developed from the workshop for the conference. There are various possibilities for this, so we will plan this collaboratively during the last phases of the workshop.

SOME SUGGESTED READINGS

Bagnoli, A. (2009). Beyond the standard interview: The use of graphic elicitation and arts-based methods. Qualitative Research, 9, 547-570.

Camic, P. M. (2008). Playing in the mud: Health psychology, the arts and creative approaches to health care. Journal of Health Psychology, 13, 287-298.

Carpiano, R. M. (2008). Come take a walk with me: The “Go-Along” interview as a novel method for studying the implications of place for health and well-being. Health & Place, 15, 263-272.

Crilly, N., Blackwell, A., & Clarkson, P. (2006). Graphic elicitation: Using research diagrams as interview stimuli. Qualitative Research, 6, 341-366.

Catalani, C., & Minkler, M. (2009). Photovoice: A review of the literature in health and public health. Health Education & Behavior, 37, 424-451.

Clark, A., Prosser, J., & Wiles, R. (2010). Ethical issues in image-based research. Arts & Health, 2, 81-93.

Hawkes, G., Houghton, J. & Rowe, G. (2009). Risk and worry in everyday life: Comparing diaries and interviews as tools in risk perception research. Health, Risk & Society, 11, 209-230.

Keats, P. (2009). Multiple text analysis in narrative research: Visual, written, and spoken stories of experience. Qualitative Research, 9, 181-195.

Keightley, E. (2010). Remembering research: Memory and methodology in the social sciences. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 13, 55-70.

Mannay, D. (2010). Making the familiar strange: Can visual research methods render the familiar setting more perceptible? Qualitative Research, 10, 91-111.

Monrouxe, L. V. (2009). Solicited audio diaries in longitudinal narrative research: A view from inside. Qualitative Research, 9, 81-103.

Murray, M., & Gray, R. (2008). Health psychology and the arts: A conversation. Journal of Health Psychology, 13, 147-153.

Pink, S. (2008). Mobilising visual ethnography: Making routes, making place and making images [27 paragraphs]. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 9(3), Art. 36, http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0803362.

Thomson, R., & Holland, J. (2005). ‘Thanks for the memory’: Memory books as a methodological resource in biographical research. Qualitative Research, 5, 201-219.

Rossiter, K., Kontos, P., Colantonio, A., Gilbert, J., Gray, J., & Keightley, M. (In press). Staging data: Theatre as a tool for analysis and knowledge transfer in health research. Social Science & Medicine [Available through online first].

Umoquit, M., Dobrow, M., Lemieux-Charles, L., Ritvo, P., Urbach, D., & Wodchis, W. (2008). The efficiency and effectiveness of utilizing diagrams in interviews: An assessment of participatory diagramming and graphic elicitation. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 8, 53. Available from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/8/53

TESTING THEORY AND INTERVENTION WITHIN INDIVIDUALS: THEORETICAL ISSUES AND THE USE OF N-OF-1 AND RELATED METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS

WORKSHOP DETAILS

WHAT IS THE FOCUS?

Many theories in health psychology attempt to explain changing aspects of individuals’ behaviour and most interventions attempt to change the behaviour of individuals. So, for example, theories suggests that people’s intentions to act are determined by their current beliefs or that levels of stress are determined by their current appraisal of the environment and interventions may seek to alter these beliefs or appraisals. However theories are mostly tested in between individual studies and it can be shown that theories that apparently apply across individuals do not apply within an individual, as they should. Likewise interventions are mostly tested in randomised trials involving many participants and the applicability of the intervention to the individual participant is difficult to determine.

The topics covered will include:

• Theory: Discussion of current theories and their use in explaining within and between person variation. The application of psychological theory to the behaviour of the individual. The workshop facilitators work in the areas of social cognition, disability and stress theory but will also draw on the expertise of the participants in other areas.
• Intervention: N-of-1 intervention designs will be discussed, and theoretical and practical issues of such interventions presented.
• Methods: The methods of studying the individual over time. We will emphasise the use of electronic based data capture methods such as PDAs and smartphones. Discussion of feasibility and acceptability.
• Statistical analysis: Analysing time series data. The issues raised by n-of-1 data and current methods of analysis will be presented and explored in practical work. We will also discuss methods of analysing the differences between individuals over time in group based studies using multilevel modelling.

WHO SHOULD ATTEND?

Researchers interested in using theory and in developing methods of application and analysis at the individual level. Researchers familiar with single case methods and interested in using these methods to test theory and evaluate interventions. In this workshop we hope to attract health psychologists working both in theory and/or practice since the issues bear directly on both areas.

WHAT WILL WE DO?

The workshop will be very interactive with at least 50% of all sessions involving active participation in practical or group work and discussion. Participants will be encouraged to bring their own research questions and methodological issues for discussion at the workshop. In addition all participants will be invited to collect data on themselves for a 8 weeks prior to the workshop to gain insight into the problems of such data collection and the data will be used to demonstrate methods of analysis at the workshop. We will use internet based methods of data collection for this. The data will not be intrusive and will relate to Karasek’s demand control theory of work stress since it is probably applicable to all participants.

THE FACILITATORS

The workshop facilitators are all experienced in n-of-1 studies and in running workshops. Marie Johnston works integrating biomedical and behavioural theories of disability and has both run and attended previous Synergy workshops. Derek Johnston conducts n-of-1 and related studies of occupational stress using EMA and psychophysiological methods, analysing data using time series and multilevel modelling. Diane Dixon runs theory-based n-of-1 intervention studies to enhance physical activity. They have experience of running workshops together.

MIXED METHODOLOGY IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY: USING PRAGMATISM TO OVERCOME THE ‘IRRECONCILABLE EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES’ BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE METHODS

WORKSHOP DETAILS

There have been debates for decades about whether we should use mixed methods, that is, qualitative and quantitative methods; those against often cite ‘irreconcilable epistemological differences’ and those in favour promote a ‘toolkit’ approach to choosing methods according to research question rather than theoretical underpinnings. Health Psychology research is primed for mixed methods because of the need to understand things at both the individual and the population level for it to be considered valid evidence that might be used to inform policy and practice.

This interactive workshop will bring together researchers with contrasting expertise to discuss the theoretical and practical elements of using both quantitative and qualitative methods in Health Psychology research. We will draw on Pragmatism’s functional definition of knowledge to overcome our epistemological differences and using innovative techniques (including conceptual encounter and dialogal research) we will work through theoretical and practical barriers to collaboratively create a working definition or ‘rough guide’ of mixed methodology in health psychology.

This workshop is key to the future of Health Psychology because of the readiness with which Health Psychology have welcomed qualitative methods, but also because Health Psychologists are often at the forefront of the development of innovative ways of conducting research within mixed discipline studies and applied settings. Health Psychology has a strong commitment to theory and rigour and so it makes perfect sense to ask Health Psychologists with expertise in these so-called opposing traditions to think openly and strategically about how we might successfully bridge the gap between epistemologies and move on to create the knowledge that will inform health care research and practice in the future.

AN INDICATION OF THE AREAS/TOPICS TO BE ADDRESSED

MIXING METHODS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY? – DAY 1

This will be a brief introduction to the workshop topic and dilemmas faced by contemporary health psychology researchers – presented by facilitators. A number of issues & dilemmas will be raised and small groups/individuals will be asked to reflect on these at the beginning, across the course of the workshop and at the end and will be asked to bring their reflections to the group at the end.

MIXING METHODOLOGIES, THEORIES & MODELS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY – DAY 1/2

Facilitators will first introduce and present working definitions for epistemology, methodology, method, theory/theoretical model, quantitative and qualitative research. Contributors will then be asked to tell their story, i.e. where their ‘allegiance’ lies in terms of epistemology and quantitative v qualitative methods, theoretical models such as Theory of Planned Behaviour or Illness Representations, and their preferred methodology such as phenomenology, narrative or discursive psychology, action research. They will then be asked to define the guiding principles/central assumptions of each approach and they will be paired up with someone with a contrasting viewpoint.

During this activity we will use the conceptual encounter technique (De Rivera, 2006) which facilitates the ‘meeting of minds’ between people with opposed positions. A number of questions will be given to facilitate this process.

We will use these conceptual encounters to conduct a mapping exercise (not dissimilar from framework analysis) to determine where there may be overlap in terms of rationale, objectives, outcomes of research, impact on policy/practice of their particular approach to research.

USING PRAGMATISM’S FUNCTIONAL DEFINITIONS OF KNOWLEDGE TO BRING TOGETHER ‘OLD RIVALS’ IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY – DAY 2

Common barriers to mixing methods are ‘irreconcilable epistemological differences’. However, Pragmatism offers a different way of conceptualizing epistemology and our definitions of knowledge. The facilitators will give a short introduction to Pragmatism and its utility for mixing methods in health psychology (Yardley & Bishop, 2008). Contributors will then be asked to engage in activities based on the principles of dialogical research (Rowe & Leifer, 2006). In brief, this method enables a group of participants to work together in dialogue to construct a definition of ‘mixed methods methodology’ in health psychology. Results of all previous exercises during the workshop will be used to inform this process. Contributors will then be asked to present their group definition and the Synergy team as a whole will collate these definitions to create the living document to be used to disseminate the results of Synergy.

CREATING A ‘ROUGH GUIDE’ FOR MIXED METHODOLOGY STUDIES IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY – HALF-DAY 3

Results of Synergy will be disseminated in a living document. This document will include discussions about epistemology, theory, methodology, methods of data collection and analysis. A key component of this document will take the form of proposals for synthesizing findings from different components of the work. Yardley & Bishop (2008) propose a composite analysis, where different components of a study become a coherent whole rather than a disjointed set of discrete projects using different methods. This will be the final challenge of the Synergy contributors – to use their working definitions of mixed methods methodology and all they have learned through the course of the workshop to make proposals for how to achieve a composite analysis. We don’t expect an answer to this question but will aim to create a firm ground on which such proposals can be developed moving forward.

ASPECTS OF WORKSHOP WE WILL PROVIDE

Reading prior to workshop (to be confirmed nearer the time) including:

• Yardley, L. & Bishop, F. (2008). Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: a Pragmatic approach. In C. Willig & W. Stainton-Rogers (Eds.) The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research in Psychology. London: Sage.
• Dures, E., Rumsey, N. & Morris, M. (2010). Mixed methods in Health Psychology: theoretical and practical considerations of the Third Paradigm. Journal of Health Psychology, 16(2), 332-341.
• Examples of mixed methods health psychology research from journal articles, tenders, successful bids.
• Resources – including references and websites
• Brief presentations used to introduce background and instructions for activities
• Facilitator skills to ensure active engagement from contributors

ASPECTS OF WORKSHOP TO BE CONTRIBUTED BY PARTICIPANTS

• Examples of mixed methods health psychology research from journal articles, tenders, successful bids from their own work
• Preparation: to reflect on their stance, identify their ‘allegiance’
• Expertise in a range of theoretical models, methodologies, methods of data collection and analysis
• Varied levels of experiences from PhD, post-doc through to mid-career and senior academics

More information on the main facilitator, Rachel Shaw, can be retrieved from http://www1.aston.ac.uk/lhs/staff/az-index/shawrl/.

METHODS FOR CHANGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS FOR HEALTH: INFLUENCING ORGANISATIONS, KEY ACTORS AND STAKEHOLDERS

WORKSHOP DESCRIPTION

In planning health promotion interventions, theories from the behavioral sciences are applied to, first, understand behavior and, second, change behavior. Such interventions apply theoretical methods for change, directed at the target population or at the environment. A theoretical method, or behavior change technique, is a general technique or process for influencing changes in the determinants of behavior of the target population or of behavior of the environmental decision maker (Bartholomew, et al., 2011; Abraham & Michie, 2008). Practical applications are specific techniques for practical use of theoretical methods in ways that fit the intervention population and the context in which the intervention will be conducted (Bartholomew, et al., 2011).

There is an increasing interest in systematic descriptions or taxonomies of health promotion interventions, the theoretical methods they contain, and the determinants that are targeted for change (Stavri & Michie, 2012). However, most of these taxonomies focus on individual behavior change and only a few also include behavior change of environmental agents (Bartholomew, et al., 2011; Khan et al., 2009) at the interpersonal, organizational, community and policy levels. Moreover, translating methods into applications demands a sufficient understanding of the theory behind the method, especially the theoretical parameters under which the theoretical process is effective or not (Schaalma & Kok, 2009).

Environmental conditions are not likely to be under the direct control of the individuals at risk for the health problem. They are controlled by decision makers at different environmental levels, external agents such as peers, teachers, managers, and other gatekeepers (Kok et al., 2008). To select methods for environmental conditions, the first thing to do is to find out who may be in a position to make the expected change. The planner has to identify the desired behaviors for the agent who will actually change the environmental condition. The health promoter then applies methods for influencing the determinants of the agent’s behavior using methods which are appropriate for changing determinants at environmental levels.

The focus of this Synergy workshop is on methods for environmental change.

All participants will be asked in advance to bring in their research and practice experiences, discussion topics, and successes and failures with trying to change environmental conditions for health. Every half day in the workshop includes an introduction in the theme, a brief theoretical background, followed by contributions from participants: empirical research examples, practical experiences, theoretical ideas and discussion. At the end of the workshop, a brief summary of the state of the art and the most promising venues for future research will be produced.

PROGRAM AND THEMES:

• Introduction in the ecological model of health promotion: agents at environmental levels;
• Theories about environmental levels: e.g. social network, organizational development, social action, agenda setting, and stakeholder theories;
• Theoretical methods for change (behavior change techniques) at environmental levels: theories, definitions, parameters and examples;
• Theoretical methods for change (behavior change techniques) at environmental levels: the role of individual level methods, bundling of methods, differences in targets, lack of clear parameters, measurements of change;
• Planning the implementation of health promotion interventions as an organizational change challenge; planning effect evaluation of environmental change.

FACILITATORS:

More information on the facilitators can be found at their websites (Gerjo Kok and Rob Ruiter) and at Google Scholar Citations (Gerjo Kok and Rob Ruiter).

COSTS:

Note that at this moment, the price is not yet known. We can guarantee however, that the price will not exceed € 250,-. We will update the price here as soon as possible, and will of course mail everybody who has already applied at that point. Note that participants from those countries listed under the categories low-income economies, lower-middle-income economies and upper-middle-income economies by the World Bank are qualified for reduced fees, which are half the regular fee. A list of these countries is available here.

GRANTS:

A small number of grants are available for attendants of the Synergy workshop against workshop registration, conference fee, accommodation and travel. See the grants page for further details.

REFERENCES:

• Abraham, C., & Michie, S. (2008). A taxonomy of behavior change techniques used in interventions. Health Psychology, 27, 379–387.
• Bartholomew, L. K., Parcel, G. S., Kok, G., Gottlieb, N. H., & Fernandez, M. E. (2011). Planning Health Promotion Programs. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
• Khan, L. K., Sobush, K., Keener, D., Goodman, K., Lowry, A., Kakietek, J., et al. (2009). Recommended community strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 58(RR07), 1–26.
• Kok, G., Gottlieb, N. H., Commers, M., & Smerecnik, C. (2008). The ecological approach in health promotion programs: A decade later. American Journal of Health Promotion, 22, 437–442.
• Schaalma, H. & Kok, G., 2009. Decoding health education interventions: The times are a-changin’ . Psychology & Health, 24, 5-9.
• Stavri, Z. & Michie, S. (2012). Classification systems in behavioural science: current systems and lessons from the natural, medical and social sciences. Health Psychology Review, 6, 113-140.

IMPLEMENTATION INTENTION AND ACTION PLANNING INTERVENTIONS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY: EVALUATING THE STATE OF THE ART AND DEVELOPING GUIDELINES FOR BEST PRACTICE AND FUTURE RESEARCH

EXPERT MEETING DESCRIPTION

There has been a rapid increase in the use of planning techniques in interventions to promote health-related behaviour (Abraham, Kok, Schaalma, & Luszczynska, 2011). The proliferation of interventions using planning has largely been a direct response to the considerable literature which has recognised the limitations of intentions as a predictor of behaviour (Dekker, 2008; Sheeran, 2002; Webb & Sheeran, 2006), the so-called intention-behaviour ‘gap’. Recent theoretical models incorporating both motivational and volitional phases have sought to resolve this issue by examining the role that furnishing intentions with planning exercises plays in improving the link between intentions and behaviour (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006; Schwarzer, 2001; Sheeran, Milne, Webb, & Gollwitzer, 2005). Prominent among these planning interventions are implementation intention and action planning techniques. These techniques aim to bolster or augment intentions with means to promote recall and enactment of the intended behaviour.

These planning techniques are two of the most recognised and frequently-applied components in health behaviour interventions (Adriaanse, Vinkers, De Ridder, Hox, & De Wit, 2011; Bélanger-Gravel, Godin, & Amireault, 2013; Webb, Sniehotta, & Michie, 2010). There are numerous reasons why these techniques have attracted so much attention: (1) they are steeped in established social psychological theory, have been embedded in popular and well-cited theories of social cognition applied in health contexts such as the theory of planned behaviour, and address a commonly-known limitation of these theories (i.e., the intention-behaviour ‘gap’); (2) they have intuitive appeal in their parsimony; (3) they have low response burden making their promulgation through multiple modes of delivery comparatively easy; and (4) they are low-cost. Above all, there is growing support for their effectiveness in engendering behaviour change health-related contexts as stand-alone intervention strategies or as part of more elaborate interventions involving multiple behaviour-change techniques. Implementation intention and action planning interventions have been shown to be effective in changing diverse behaviours such as physical activity (Arbour & Martin Ginis, 2009; Barg et al., 2012; Conner, Sandberg, & Norman, 2010; Gellert, Ziegelmann, Lippke, & Schwarzer, 2012; Luszczynska, 2006; Milne, Orbell, & Sheeran, 2002; Prestwich et al., 2012; Prestwich, Lawton, & Conner, 2003), healthy and unhealthy eating (Adriaanse, de Ridder, & de Wit, 2009; Adriaanse et al., 2010; Armitage, 2007; Chapman, Armitage, & Norman, 2009; Prestwich, Ayres, & Lawton, 2008; Sullivan & Rothman, 2008), smoking (Armitage, 2008; Armitage & Arden, 2008), alcohol consumption (Armitage, 2009; Hagger et al., 2012), breast self-examination (Orbell, Hodgkins, & Sheeran, 1997; Prestwich et al., 2005), rehabilitation from injury (Scholz, Sniehotta, Schuz, & Oeberst, 2007), vitamin consumption (Sheeran & Orbell, 1999), cancer screening behaviours (Browne & Chan, 2012; Rutter, Steadman, & Quine, 2006; Sheeran & Orbell, 2000), workplace health and safety (Sheeran & Silverman, 2003), vaccine uptake (Milkman, Beshears, Choi, Laibson, & Madrian, 2011; Payaprom, Bennett, Alabaster, & Tantipong, 2011), contraception use (de Vet et al., 2011; Martin, Sheeran, Slade, Wright, & Dibble, 2009; Teng & Mak, 2011), and dental health behaviours (Orbell & Verplanken, 2010; Schuz, Wiedemann, Mallach, & Scholz, 2009). In addition, systematic reviews have confirmed the effect of implementation intentions on behaviour in multiple behavioural domains (Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006) and in specific health-related behavioural domains such as physical activity (Bélanger-Gravel et al., 2013) and healthy eating (Adriaanse et al., 2011).

However, while there is growing support for these planning interventions in the health-behaviour literature, a number of limitations in the research have been noted. For example, the meta-analytic findings indicate substantial heterogeniety in the effect. In other words, there is a lot of variation in the strength of the effects of planning interventions, implying that their effectiveness varies across studies. This heterogeneity presents considerable challenges when attempting to systematically evaluate the evidence in terms of the effectiveness of planning interventions in health behavioural contexts. Possible reasons for the heterogeniety may be variations in study design and execution. For example, studies differ in their definition and operationalisation of planning procedures and their proposed mechanisms for the effect (e.g., mediation analyses). The heterogeneity in the effect sizes and lack of consensus in the definitions and operationalisation of planning interventions in health contexts present considerable problems to researchers attempting to develop interventions to change health behaviour adopting planning techniques.

The aim of this Synergy expert meeting is to stimulate discussion and debate of the evidence on planning interventions in health behaviour. The goal will be to develop a consensus on the most effective means to implement and evaluate planning interventions to move the field forward and resolve some of the theoretical, operational and methodological shortcomings of previous research. Specifically, the expert meeting discussion will focus on, but not be limited to: evaluating the research evidence on interventions adopting planning components; identifying the common features and differences of planning interventions in terms of operationalisation, design, measurement, mechanisms, and evaluation of planning components; identifying the salient gaps in the literature; formulating possible guidelines for good practice; and identifying priority areas for future research that will improve understanding of planning interventions in the field of health behaviour.

SET-UP OF THE COLLABORATIVE EXPERT MEETING

We will ask researchers to bring their own experiences of intervention research (including implementation intentions and action planning techniques) to the expert meeting, particularly the scripts and methods they have used in their interventions themselves, and the source material for their interventions. The idea would be to use these as a basis for discussion of variations and consistencies in the current literature and practice of planning interventions. We would also ask participants to report on the success of their manipulations, any failed replications, and feedback and reports from participants on the use of the techniques. This would enable the identification of strengths of current descriptions of these techniques in the literature and the limitations, omissions, lack of clarity, and needs for future research. Each half day of the expert meeting will include a particular theme (outlined below) that will be introduced by the facilitators, an initial exercise where participants will work in small groups on a particular aspect of the theme, and then a collaborative session where each group feeds back to the main group on their findings. The feedback session will be followed by a general discussion of the main issues, with all participants encouraged to contribute. Ideas and points will be recorded for the group using a whiteboard. Each session will be followed by a summary session to finalise the points and ask for additions. The points from each session will be typed up and added to a set of summary notes. At the end of the expert meeting, a final summing-up session using the notes as a stimulus will aim to arrive at a consensus in terms of the definition, contents, appropriate study design (e.g., intervention components, measures, and analyses), and key issues in need of research with respect to planning interventions.

PROGRAM AND THEMES

• Defining and conceptualising of planning interventions (e.g., distinguishing between types of planning intervention and their role in social-cognitive models), how should they be operationalised, and what are the conceptual differences between types of planning e.g. implementation intentions and action planning.
• Format and measurement of planning techniques (e.g., mode of delivery, measurement effects, format, use of examples, self- vs. other-defined plans).
• Mechanisms and processes underpinning planning technqiues (e.g., the role of habit, moderators of planning intervention effects, forming multiple plans, planning interventions for low intenders).
• Design issues around planning techniques and interventions based on them (e.g., sustainability of behaviour change, intervention fidelity).
• The way forward: what would a ‘gold’ standard design for a planning intervention study look like?

FACILITATORS

Martin S. Hagger, Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth Australia
Aleks Luszczynska, Trauma, Health, & Hazards Center, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, USA and Warsaw School of Social Psychology, Wroclaw, Poland

Martin Hagger (Curtin University, Australia) and Aleks Luszczynska (University of Colorado, Colorado Springs) both have considerable experience with the use of implementation intentions and action planning interventions in health behaviour. In addition, they have experience in running expert meetings and roundtables on the subject of planning at two EHPS conferences (Crete, 2011 and Bordeaux, 2013). John De Wit (UNSW, Australia), who also has a wealth of expertise in both the theoretical and application of interventions, including the use of planning techniques, in a number of health behaviour contexts, has also agreed to contribute to the expert meeting as he will be in attendance and could serve as an additional facilitator in the event of a large attendance. We also plan on inviting participants who have experience intervention design and other behaviour-change techniques to offer different and complementary perspectives.

RELEVANCE

An increasing number of studies in many health behavioural contexts are adopting planning interventions, and many of the EHPS members will be affiliated to labs and research groups that are currently using at least one form of planning as part of their interventions. There will also be researchers with links to policymakers and practitioners interested in how planning interventions can be most effectively employed on a practical level in the field to maximize health behavior maintenance. The topic is, therefore, a very pertinent one for many members of the society and this is an opportunity for an in-depth discussion of the issues surrounding planning interventions and their implementation that will not only benefit the participants, but will also provide consensus recommendations for non-attending members interested in using planning interventions in their research.

COSTS

Note that at this moment, the price is not yet known. We can guarantee however, that the price will not exceed € 250,-. We will update the price here as soon as possible, and will of course mail everybody who has already applied at that point. Note that participants from those countries listed under the categories low-income economies, lower-middle-income economies and upper-middle-income economies by the World Bank are qualified for reduced fees, which are half the regular fee. A list of these countries is available here.

GRANTS

A small number of grants are available for attendants of the Synergy expert meeting against expert meeting registration, conference fee, accommodation and travel. See the grants page for further details.

SELECTED REFERENCES (SEE PDF FOR FULL LIST)

Hagger, M. S., Lonsdale, A., Koka, A., Hein, V., Pasi, H., Lintunen, T., et al. (2012). An intervention to reduce alcohol consumption in undergraduate students using implementation intentions and mental simulations: A cross-national study. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19, 82-96. doi: 10.1007/s12529-011-9163-8
Luszczynska, A. (2006). An implementation intentions intervention, the use of a planning strategy, and physical activity after myocardial infarction. Social Science & Medicine, 62, 900-908. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.06.043

MHEALTH FOR BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: OPPORTUNITIES, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

MEETING DESCRIPTION

Over the past decade, digital interventions have become an increasingly widely used mode of delivery for health-related behaviour change interventions, including public health interventions (e.g. smoking cessation, weight management, physical activity promotion, alcohol reduction), illness management interventions (e.g. to manage asthma, pain and fatigue) and health professional resources (e.g. to manage diabetes jointly with patients).  There is evidence that internet-based interventions can support people to change their behaviour (Kohl, Crutzen, & de Vries, 2013; Webb, Joseph, Yardley, & Michie, 2010).  Until recently, these interventions have principally been designed for access through a PC.  However, with the rapid uptake of smartphones and tablet computers (now used by 1 in 5 people worldwide) attention is shifting to the potential of mobile digital delivery of healthcare support – mhealth (Bacigalupo et al., 2013; Schueller, Muñoz, & Mohr, 2013).

POTENTIAL OF MHEALTH

Mhealth interventions are potentially attractive to users as they can provide convenient, private, instant access to automated, expert and peer support to help achieve a wide variety of behavioural goals. Their value for behavioural researchers is that they have the potential to collect detailed longitudinal data about the process of behaviour change from a vastly larger sample of the population than has previously been possible, permitting unprecedented analysis of the factors influencing behaviour change.

CHALLENGES OF MHEALTH

With so many potential mhealth providers, the market has already become saturated with untested and probably unhelpful applications (Azar et al., 2013; Pagoto, Schneider, Jojic, DeBiasse, & Mann, 2013). Rigorous evaluation using experimental designs is problematic because of the opportunity for participants to access other relevant applications. Mobile technology is advancing very rapidly, providing new functionality, that means that lengthy study designs with long-term follow up to establish maintenance may not be appropriate.

FOCUS AND STRUCTURE OF EXPERT MEETING

DAY 1:  MHEALTH INTERVENTION:  DEVELOPMENT AND DELIVERY

1.   State-of-the art

• What is the potential of mhealth for facilitating behaviour change?  What new opportunities does mhealth offer for delivering interventions? What is the evidence that mhealth delivery can improve on other methods?
• What are the challenges to using mhealth for facilitating behaviour change?  What particular problems are posed by using mhealth for delivering interventions (e.g. for reach and adherence)?

2.  Future directions

• Given the opportunities and challenges identified in the first session, what are the most promising directions for future mhealth interventions?
• What methods and resources are required to optimise mhealth intervention delivery?   What new technological developments and business models are needed?

DAY 2:  MHEALTH RESEARCH:  DESIGN AND EVALUATION

1.   State-of-the art

• What is the potential of mhealth for understanding behaviour change?  What new opportunities does mhealth offer for researching behaviour change?
• What are the methodological challenges for evaluating mhealth interventions (e.g. dropout, difficulty of obtaining objective verification)?

2.   Future directions

• Given the opportunities and challenges identified in the first session, what are the most promising directions for future mhealth research?
• How can we optimise mhealth research, and what new design and evaluation methods are needed?

FACILITATORS  (FURTHER INFORMATION ON THE FACILITATORS CAN BE FOUND AT THEIR WEBSITES)

• Lucy Yardley leads the extensive ‘LifeGuide’ and ‘UBhave’ programmes of digital research, developing and evaluating interventions for a wide range of health problems
• Susan Michie has an international reputation for research focused on the design, delivery, uptake and impact of behaviour change interventions related to health
• Robert West has world-leading expertise in tobacco studies and has developed novel digital interventions for smoking cessation

MEETING OUTPUT

The aim of this expert meeting is to work towards a publishable output reflecting expert consensus regarding opportunities, challenges and future directions for mhealth intervention and research.  To ensure that all participants are able to contribute to this process we will therefore select a maximum of 20 participants with experience in research on digital interventions.

APPLICATION

The applications for this workshop have closed.

REFERENCES

Azar, K. M., Lesser, L. I., Laing, B. Y., Stephens, J., Aurora, M. S., Burke, L. E., & Palaniappan, L. P. (2013). Mobile applications for weight management: theory-based content analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45, 583-589.

Bacigalupo, R., Cudd, P., Littlewood, C., Bissell, P., Hawley, M. S., & Buckley Woods, H. (2013). Interventions employing mobile technology for overweight and obesity: an early systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews, 14, 279-291.

Kohl, L. F., Crutzen, R., & de Vries, N. K. (2013). Online prevention aimed at lifestyle behaviors: a systematic review of reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15, e146.

Pagoto, S., Schneider, K., Jojic, M., DeBiasse, M., & Mann, D. (2013). Evidence-based strategies in weight-loss mobile apps. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 45, 576-582.

Schueller, Stephen M., Muñoz, Ricardo F., & Mohr, David C. (2013). Realizing the Potential of Behavioral Intervention Technologies. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22, 478-483.

Webb, T.L., Joseph, J., Yardley, L., & Michie, S. (2010). Using the Internet to promote health behavior change: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 12, e4.

SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND HEALTH: COLLABORATIVE AND DYADIC APPROACHES

The 14th Synergy Expert Meeting (EM) takes place directly before the EHPS annual conference.It aims to advance the standard of work within health psychology by pooling expertise, sharing critical evaluations, and stimulating networking and collaborative research between researchers in an informal and supportive atmosphere. Thus, the delegates play an active role in the discussions and the sharing of expertise, and therefore should be able to contribute to the meeting.

WHY SHOULD I ATTEND THIS YEAR’S EM?

The 2016 Synergy EM aims to survey the state of the art of research on close relationships and health regarding theory, design, and statistical models in observational and intervention research. In compiling the relevant questions and existing evidence the EM will move the field of research on social relationships and health forward. As final outcome of the EM, facilitators and delegates will compose and co-author a consensus-based position paper. We especially welcome senior researchers with substantial experience in conducting studies in close relationships and health, to join the EM.

WHERE AND HOW TO PARTICIPATE?

This year’s Synergy EM will be held on the 22^nd and 23^rd of August 2016 in Aberdeen, Scotland. To apply please complete and submit your application following the instructions at this link:

http://tinyurl.com/synergy-em-2016

FINANCIAL SUPPORT

There is one grant available for attendance at the Synergy EM. This grant is not restricted to junior researchers. Senior researchers, which are Synergy’s target population, are especially encouraged to apply as well in the case of financial need. See: http://ehps.net/grants for further details.

DEADLINES

Apply for the Expert Meeting by 30th April 2016 20th May 2016

Apply for Synergy grant by 13rd May 2016 20th May 2016

MOVING RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE: NOVEL HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY APPROACHES TO IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE

Conference Venue (Via Ugo Bassi, University of Padova), Italy; 28th & 29th August 2017

Facilitators: Dr Molly Byrne (National University of Ireland, Galway) and Dr Justin Presseau (University of Ottawa)

Regular fee: €250

Reduced fee: €150 (for all participants working in countries that are ranked low income or lower middle income. For a list of eligible countries click on the following link: worldbank ranking)

Please apply here: Application Form (Application deadline: 14.05.2017)

Expert meeting description:

Implementation Science is a multidisciplinary field of research focused on understanding how to move research evidence into routine healthcare (Eccles & Mittman, 2006). As is the case with many fields and across many countries, Health Psychology generates a tremendous amount of research evidence, with systematic reviews now highlighting effective Health Psychology-based interventions for promoting behavior change and for improving health processes and outcomes. However, it is not clear to what extent this evidence is being implemented into routine care to benefit and impact patients and populations. There is a real opportunity to draw upon the insights developed within Implementation Science to inform the development and evaluation of interventions to implement effective Health Psychology-based interventions. Implementation Science also draws upon theories and methods across a range of disciplines, including Health Psychology, to inform understanding and promoting the uptake of scientific evidence into health services to improve health. There is a real opportunity for novel theoretical and methodological insights developed within Health Psychology to further contribute to developing the still nascent field of Implementation Science

This Synergy expert meeting aims to bring together health psychologists with experience in implementation research to directly consider the further potential relationship between Implementation Science and Health Psychology. More specifically, we aim to:

1. take stock of the current state of Implementation Science and what Health Psychology is currently contributing to the field of Implementation Science,
2. use the experiences and expertise of participants to identify the unique challenges relevant to implementation of Health Psychology interventions, and
3. generate solutions to these challenges.

Format of the expert meeting:

Day 1 (am): Introductions from participants and presentations on participants’ experiences of health psychology and implementation science – 5 minute presentations, with optional slides (max 5)

Day 1 (pm): What can Health Psychology contribute to Implementation Science?

Day 2 (am): What can Implementation Science contribute to Health Psychology?

Day 2 (pm): Focus on outputs; Discussion around strategies to promote longer term collaborations between meeting participants within the EHPS, and promote networks in Health Psychology Implementation Science, including discussion of possible international funding opportunities.

Outcome

We aim to produce two outputs: one paper targeting Health Psychologists and one targeting an Implementation Science audience

PROMOTING SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PUBLISHING

Conference Venue: National University of Ireland Galway

Facilitators: Professor Gerjo Kok, Professor Aleksandra Luszczynska, Professor Charles Abraham, and Dr Gjalt-Jorn Peters

Regular fee: €250

Reduced fee: €150 (for all participants working in countries that are ranked low income or lower middle income. For a list of eligible countries click on the following link: worldbank ranking)

APPLICATION Deadline extended to 31 May: Click here to apply for this Expert Meeting

Description:

As a scientific society, the European Health Psychology Society has influence on scientific practices, and one of the instruments we have available are our publishing policies. Such policies can be crafted to minimize questionable research practices. For example, deliberately adjusting or misrepresenting statistical analyses to mislead the audience into thinking that a study’s outcomes were different from what the data suggest is clearly wrong. Journals can take a number of steps to make such strategies hard or impossible. On the other hand, many researchers who engage in questionable research practices do so with the best of intentions. Which policies would be constructive policies for the EHPS journals to adopt? Should Full Disclosure (publishing of protocols, materials, stimuli, data, analysis scripts, and output) be enforced? Should studies that were not preregistered still be accepted? Are publishing policies the way to go at all? Which other instruments can the EHPS use to promote scientific integrity in health psychology? This Expert Meeting will be used to discuss whether the EHPS, as a society, has a role in promoting scientific integrity in health psychology, and if so, what. The product will be a proposal to the executive committee and the journal editors.

The schedule will be determined partly based on the expertise of those attending. The first day will be focused on Questionable Research Practices, especially those particularly prominent in Health Psychology. The second day will be focused on remedies to optimise the scientific integrity of health psychology, such as can be employed in supervision of PhD. candidates and other colleagues, publishing policies, and societal codes of conduct. We will circulate a number of blog posts (and some brief papers) that will briefly be summarized when we start with the Expert Meeting to provide some background, specifically (this list will probably be extended):

• Simmons, Nelson & Simonsohn (2011) False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as Significant (paper)
• Janz (2015) Is withholding your data simply bad science, or should it fall under scientific misconduct? (blog post)
• Lebel & Scheel (2017) Need for New Code of Ethics Compliance for Professional Researchers in Era of Hyper-Competitive High-Stake Academic Culture (blog post)
• Schimmack (2015) Questionable Research Practices: Definition, Detect, and Recommendations for Better Practices (blog post)
• Gelman & Loken (2013) The garden of forking paths: Why multiple comparisons can be a problem, even when there is no “fishing expedition” or “p-hacking” and the research hypothesis was posited ahead

RESEARCH PROBLEM-SOLVING AND WRITING/PUBLISHING WORKSHOP

CREATE organised a workshop prior to the 8th annual conference of the EHPS in Florence, Italy, on September 29-30, 1999.

There were two sessions: The first session was about general research problem solving skills, under supervision of Prof. Marie Johnston of the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. The second session was a writing and publishing workshop under supervision of Prof. Charles S. Carver of the University of Miami.

SESSION 1: RESEARCH PROBLEM SOLVING

In this part of the course, research problems of the students most representative of problems in health psychology research were discussed, and solutions were offered. Before entering the course, participants were asked to write a short paper on their current research and the most important problems they encountered. This session was highly interactive: Students were offered an opportunity to ask questions about problems they encountered in their research. They performed problem-solving exercises in small groups.

Prof. Marie Johnston is a leading researcher in European health psychology. She is former president of the EHPS, and co-editor of Psychology & Health. For more information on Prof. Johnston’s work see her website.

SESSION 2: WRITING AND PUBLISHING SCIENTIFIC HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY ARTICLES

The purpose of this session was to provide information on issues regarding publishing in English language scientific journals, and to teach participants basic skills for writing scientific papers. Prof. Carver showed which are the most important characteristics of health psychology articles that get published in good journals. He also did some writing and critical reading exercises to demonstrate the nature of the skills necessary to produce a good article. Students were asked to prepare an exercise before entering the course.

Prof. Charles S. Carver is a highly acclaimed scholar and author, and is associate editor of the APA journal for Health Psychology. He teaches at the University of Miami, Florida, USA. For more information on Prof. Carver’s work see his website.

Workshop slides on Professional Writing – This document was used as a handout for the CREATE Workshop on Professional Writing, supervised by Prof. Charles S. Carver. This document is available to download below and for informational purposes only.

Conference: 

Psychology and the Renaissance of Health

File: 

Carver (1999) CREATE professional writing handout.pdf

NOTHING IS MORE PRACTICAL THAN A GOOD THEORY: EXPLORING, TESTING, AND APPLYING THEORIES IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

Supervised by Prof. Marie Johnston and Prof. John Weinman

13 -15 August 2000 – Leiden, The Netherlands

Prof. Marie Johnston from the University of St. Andrews (Scotland) and Prof. John Weinman from King’s College London (England), directed the CREATE workshop 2000. The title of this three-day workshop was “Nothing is more practical than a good theory: Exploring, testing, and applying theories in health psychology”. After the success of the first CREATE workshop held in Florence, Italy, in September 1999, this workshop again was an excellent learning experience for early career health psychology researchers. The workshop took place immediately before the EHPS conference in Leiden, The Netherlands (16 -18 August 2000).

CONTENT OF THE WORKSHOP

The themes of the workshop were as follows:

Using general theoretical frameworks in health psychology

Measurement, design, and methodological issues in testing theories

Translating theory-driven findings into intervention-type research

THEME 1 – USING GENERAL THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

Health psychology is a practical discipline, but in this session it was argued that theoretical foundations are necessary for the progress of knowledge. Theory can inform the design of interventions and the measures that are used for evaluation. The rationale for theory building in health psychology and the argument for theory-driven research were discussed.

What are the advantages of general theories (e.g. from social and personality psychology) over specific or implicit theories for ill people? Examples of health psychology research that use a general theoretical framework were discussed.

What are the characteristics of useful theories for application in health psychology research?

What are the rules for developing theories or extending existing theories?

Recent developments and thinking about cause and effect in health psychology were discussed.

THEME 2 – MEASUREMENT, DESIGN, AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN TESTING THEORIES

What role can methodology play in the development of theories?

The value of using factor analysis as a research tool (e.g., dimensionality of a construct).

What is causality and how can we test for it?

Methodologies for longitudinal research.

The pros and cons of randomised experimental designs in health psychology.

Recent developments in methodology.

THEME 3 – TRANSLATING THEORY DRIVEN FINDINGS INTO INTERVENTION TYPE RESEARCH

What is the clinical significance of the theories we use? Can we use theories in health psychology to design successful interventions?

Can we evaluate the effects of an intervention using a particular theory?

What are examples of theory-based intervention programmes?

HEALTH BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: INTERVENTION AND EVALUATION

Professor Brian Oldenburg (Brisbane), Dr. Paul Kennedy (Oxford) and Mr. Paul Gardner (St Andrews) had agreed to direct the CREATE workshop in 2001 in St. Andrews, Scotland. The workshop teachers had outstanding academic records and excellent teaching reputations.

Each day of the workshop focused on a different theme:

• Models of individual behaviour change
• Models of group/population behaviour change
• Principles of statistical models for analysing change data

The workshop took place on the three days (2-4 September 2001) preceding the EHPS / DHP conference in St. Andrews (5-8 September 2001). The workshop venue was a modern-equipped teaching room in St. Andrews University.

Conference: 

Changing Behaviour: Health and Healthcare

RESEARCH METHODS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

The workshop was facilitated by John Weinman, Kavita Vedhara and Rona Moss-Morris. The workshop facilitators with their outstanding academic and teaching skills provided the participants with the opportunity to explore the use of different research methods in health psychology. It will draw on different research areas including illness perceptions, psychoneuroimmunology, and interventions in chronic illness as a way of providing examples of diverse areas of research. The work was mainly done in small groups, which allowed participants to consider and apply different research methods for answering different types of research question in health psychology. This year, participants were also asked to share their work in progress with the rest of the group to stimulate the exchange of ideas and expertise within the group and foster future collaboration among the participants.

The workshop took place on the three days (29 September-1 October 2002) preceding the EHPS conference in Lisbon (2-5 October 2002). The workshop venue was the holiday village Inatel in Oeiras, which is located 16 kilometres outside of Lisbon on the Atlantic coast.

Conference: 

Health Through the Life Cycle: A Life Span Perspective

UNDERSTANDING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

The workshop was facilitated by Kerry Chamberlain. Kerry is a Reader in Health Psychology at Massey University in New Zealand. He has facilitated and presented workshops about qualitative research in health psychology at international meetings, including The International Congress for Behavioural Medicine. Kerry, with his outstanding academic and teaching skills provided the participants with the opportunity to explore epistemologies and ontologies for qualitative research in health psychology as well as suitable methods. There was an equal focus on the importance of understanding theories of qualitative research and developing skills to conduct such research. The focus of this workshop was on making the participants “bilingual” in the language and culture of both qualitative and quantitative research. The presentation was interactive and participatory, involving group work and exercises.

Qualitative Research in Health Psychology -This document contains a list of further readings on qualitative research in health psychology recommended by Kerry Chamberlain who was the facilitator of the CREATE workshop 2003 in Kos.

If you are interested in the slides Kerry Chamberlain used for the workshop, please do not hesitate to write him an email: K.Chamberlain@massey.ac.nz.

The workshop took place from 21st to 23rd of september, 2003. The workshop venue was the Kipriotis Village Hotel, Psalidi, Kos in Greece.

Conference: 

Gender, Culture and Health

File: 

Chamberlain (2003) Related reading.pdf

PREDICTING AND CHANGING HEALTH BEHAVIOR: CONDUCTING AND PUBLISHING THEORY-BASED RESEARCH

The 2004 CREATE workshop was facilitated by Paul Norman and Peter Harris from Sheffield, UK. The workshop focused on the use of theories in health psychology to predict and change health behaviour, as well as on publishing research on these topics. The workshop was therefore structured around three themes, and considered the following issues:

Predicting health behaviour

• the rationale for theory development and theory-driven research in health psychology
• the advantages of general versus specific theories
• the critical evaluation of major health behaviour theories in health psychology
• operationalisation and measurement issue
• testing and developing theories

Changing health behaviour

• theory-based versus theory-inspired interventions
• the development of theory-based interventions
• evaluating interventions: assessing behavioural impact and cognitive mediation
• translating research findings into practice

Publishing research

• steps involved in writing research papers
• choosing a target journal
• submission and the review process
• publication and beyond

General Reading:

• Conner, M., & Norman, P. (1996). (eds.) Predicting health behaviour: Research and practice with social cognition models. Buckingham: Open University Press.
• Rutter, D., & Quine, L. (2001) (eds.) Changing health behaviour: Intervention and research with social cognition models. Buckingham: Open University Press.

Specific Reading:

• Hunter M.S., Grunfeld E.A., & Ramirez A.J. (2003). Help-seeking intentions for breast-cancer symptoms: A comparison of the self-regulation model and the theory of planned behaviour. British Journal of Health Psychology, 8, 319-333.
• Ripptoe, P.A., & Rogers, R.W. (1987). Effects of components of protection motivation theory on adaptive and maladaptive coping with a health threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 596-604

Workshop slides: These slides (see below) were presented by Peter Harris at the 2004 CREATE workshop in Helsinki and contain loads of useful information for disseminating and publishing your findings.

Conference: 

Good Health – Person and Context

File: 

Norman & Harris (2004) CREATE slides.pdf

DESIGNING AND EVALUATING THEORY-BASED INTERVENTIONS

Facilitated by Charles Abraham, Susan Ayers and Susan Michie.

Theory may initially emerge out of descriptions of observed associations and develop as explanations of how and why certain events are associated. Such explanations can be tested using predictive studies but are most effectively tested using experiments in which particular independent variables are manipulated and theory-specified effects on dependent measures are observed (Abraham, 2004). Unfortunately theory-based interventions in health psychology often fail to fulfill this purpose. Links between explanatory theories and the change techniques in interventions may be only loosely related, confounding variables may not be controlled and it may be unclear which theory-based techniques were responsible for the observed behaviour or health change (Michie & Abraham; Rothman 2004). This dislocation of theory and experimental theory selection impedes theory development and makes it more difficult for health psychologists to develop evidence-based interventions.

For example, the rapid development of interventions designed to promote HIV-preventive behaviour resulted in few theoretically-based programmes and few, if any, of these were found to influence sexual behaviour (Fisher & Fisher, 1992). By contrast, more recent HIV-preventive interventions, based on social cognition models, have proved to be effective in controlled trials (Fisher et al., 1986; Jemmott & Jemmott, 2000; Kalichman, Carey & Johnson, 1996; Kalichman & Hospers, 1997). Thus social cognition models appear to offer a theoretical basis for health promotion activities. Unfortunately, however, there are relatively few experimental tests of the effectiveness of interventions based directly on these theories (e.g., Jones, Jones, & Katz, 1988). For example, Hardeman et al. (2002) identified only 12 studies that used the TPB to develop a behaviour change intervention. Of these, four were found to change behaviour but none investigated whether behaviour change was mediated by the psychological changes proposed by the theory.

The workshop will provide an opportunity to reflect on the relationship between intervention design and theory in health psychology. We will discuss how interventions can be designed and tested in a manner that furthers theory development and selection. We will also consider challenges that arise in designing and implementing interventions as well as factors that are crucial to effective intervention evaluation. In this context we will consider the utility of the intervention mapping framework in intervention design (Bartholomew, Parcel, Kok, & Gottlieb, 2001). This includes theory selection. Michie et al. (2004) map out a series of theoretical domains from which intervention designers may select relevant theories. How useful are these to intervention design.

Day 1: Introduction: Design, Theory and Outcomes

Day 2: Intervention Mapping

Day 3: Practical Problems and Reporting Interventions

Essential Preparatory Reading

• Kelley, K. & Abraham, C. (2004). RCT of a theory-based intervention promoting healthy eating and physical activity amongst out-patients over 65. Social Science and Medicine, 59, 787-797.
• Kok, H., Schaalma, H., Ruiter, R. A. C., & van Empelen, P. (2004) .Intervention mapping: A protocol for applying health psychology theory to prevention programmes. Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 85-98.
• Michie, S. & Abraham, C. (2004). Interventions to change health behaviours: Evidence-based or evidence inspired? Psychology and Health, 19, 29-49.
• Michie, S., Johnston, M., Abraham, C., Lawton, R., Parker, D., Walker, A. (2004). Making psychological theory useful for implementing evidence based practice: a consensus approach. Quality and Safety in Health Care, 14, 26-33.
• Rothman, A. J. (2004). Is there nothing more practical than a good theory? Why innovations and advances in health behavior change will arise if interventions are used to test and refine theory. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 2004, 1, 11.

The workshop took place from 28th – 30th of August, 2005, i.e. on the three days preceding the EHPS conference. The workshop venue was the University of Galway in Galway, Ireland.

Conference: 

Enhancing Individual, Family & Community Health

STRESS, COPING & SOCIAL SUPPORT

Facilitated by Krys Kaniasty (USA), Ralf Schwarzer (Germany) & Aleks Luszczynska (UK)

Moderation and Mediation: These slides were presented by Ralf Schwarzer at the 2006 CREATE workshop. You can also download an SPSS macro to compute Sobel’s z via Bootstrapping as recommended by Preacher, Rucker & Hayes (2004) (see below).

TOPIC I: STRESS

Session 1: Introduction

Session 2: Psychosocial consequences of natural disasters as exemplars of traumatic stressors: What we know about responses to disaster, how we study these events, what we should know & job stress

Suggested Readings:

• De Lange, A. H., Taris, T. W., Kompier, M. A. J., Houtman, I. L. D., & Bongers, P. M. (2003). “The very best of the Millennium”: Longitudinal research and the Demand-Control-(Support) Model. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 8, 282-305.
• Norris, F.H., Friedman, M, Watson, P., Byrne, C., Diaz, E, Kaniasty, K (2002). 60,000 disaster victims speak: Part I. An empirical review of the empirical literature, 1981 – 2001. Psychiatry, 65, 207-239.

TOPIC II: COPING:

Session 1: Introduction: Conceptual issues, process and outcome, measurement

Session 2: Benefit finding; Efficacy/mastery/control as resources

Suggested Readings:

1. Luszczynska, A., Mohamed, N. E., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). Self-efficacy and social support predict benefit finding 12 months after cancer surgery: The mediating role of coping. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 10, 365-375.
2. Benight, C., & Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory of posttraumatic recovery: The role of perceived self-efficacy. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 42, 1129-1148.

TOPIC III: SOCIAL INTEGRATION, SOCIAL SUPPORT, DYADIC COPING:

Conceptual Issues, Measurement, Research Examples

Session 1: Introduction: Constructs and measurement issues

Session 2: Social support in the context of major life crisis and trauma: (a) Definitional issues & general theory (b) Social support and trauma – specific issues and dyadic coping

Suggested Readings:

• Kaniasty, K. (2005). Social support and traumatic stress. PTSD Research Quarterly, 16 (2). The National Center for PTSD.
• Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Loving, T. J., Stowell, J. R., Malarkey, W. B., Lemeshow, S., Dickinson, S. L., & Glaser, R. (2005). Hostile marital interactions, proinflammatory cytokine production and wound healing. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 1778-1384

TOPIC IV: METHODOLOGY

Measures of social well-being and social functioning as moderators and mediators of the impact of disasters on mental health

Suggested Readings:

• DiMatteo, M. R. (2004). Social Support and Patient Adherence to Medical Treatment: A Meta-Analysis. Health Psychology, 23, 207-218.
• Kaniasty, K., Norris, F.H. (2004). Social support in the aftermath of disasters, catastrophes, and acts of terrorism: Altruistic, overwhelmed, uncertain, antagonistic, and patriotic communities. In R. Ursano, A. Norwood, & C. Fullerton (Eds.), Bioterrorism: Psychological and public health interventions, (pp. 200-229). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

TOPIC V: HOW TO SUBMIT A PAPER FOR PUBLICATION, HOW TO REVISE AND RESUBMIT A PAPER, HOW TO WRITE A PEER REVIEW, RCT DESCRIPTION FOLLOWING THE CONSORT GUIDELINES

Session 1: Introduction: critical issues in composing the manuscript, revising, preparing response to the reviewers and preparing a review for a journal

Section 2: Conducting and reporting randomised controlled trials

Suggested Readings:

• Davidson, K. D., Goldstein, M., Kaplan, R. M., Kaufmann, P. G., Knatterud, G. L., Orleans, C. T., Spring, B., Trudeau, K. J., & Whitlock, E. P. (2003). Evidence-based behavioral medicine: What is it and how do we achieve it? Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 26, 161-171.
• Luszczynska, A., Sobczyk, A. & Abraham, C. (in press). Planning to reduce weight: Implementation intentions intervention helps to reduce body weight among overweight or obese women by prompting action planning. Health Psychology.

Conference: 

Social Change and New Challenges for Health Psychology

File: 

Kaniasty et al. (2006) Slides.pdf

Kaniasty et al. (2006) Sobel macro (rename this file extension as ‘.sps’).pdf

INTERVENTION MAPPING

Facilitated by Gerjo Kok, Herman Schaalma, Rob Ruiter

CREATE is saddened to learn of the loss of Professor Herman Schaalma on 25 July, 2009.

Our thoughts and condolences are with his family and friends at this difficult time.

Intervention Mapping: Designing Theory-based and Evidence-based Interventions: This workshop focused on the introduction of Intervention Mapping, a protocol for the development of theory- and evidence-based health education & promotion programs. The emphasis was on applying the Intervention Mapping processes to the development of prevention programs. Participants were guided through a series of steps that taught them theory- and evidence-based program development.

Objectives: Course participants applied Intervention Mapping to selected prevention issues. As a result, participants were taught the skill of designing their own theory- and evidence-based prevention interventions.\

Contents: Orientation to, and application of Intervention Mapping; orientation to prevention; approaches to using theory; prevention program case examples; review of theories used in health promotion.

Intervention Mapping steps:

• Needs Assessment
• Writing Performance Objectives
• Change Objectives
• Selecting Intervention Methods
• Translating Methods into Strategies
• Organizing Strategies into Programs
• Creating Program Products
• Planning for Program Adoption and Implementation
• Planning for Program Evaluation

Conference: 

Social Change and New Challenges for Health Psychology

RISK PERCEPTION AND RISK COMMUNICATION

Facilitated by Britta Renner & Stephanie Kurzenhäuser

At first glance, perceiving a health threat seems to be the most obvious prerequisite for the motivation to change risk behaviors. If one is not aware of the risky nature of one’s actions, motivation cannot emerge. Therefore, a crucial barrier for health communication is to increase the personal relevance of a health issue to focus people’s attention on information that pertains directly to their personal risk. However, numerous empirical studies demonstrated that people tend to underestimate their risk and that they are reluctant to accept unfavorable risk feedback.

Accordingly, the 2008 CREATE workshop focused on the two key questions:

• How do people judge health risks?
• What are the psychological and behavioural consequences of risk communication?

See below for the 10th CREATE anniversary brochure!

Conference: 

Health Psychology and Society

File: 

CREATE 10th anniversary brochure.pdf

ADVANCING THE SCIENCE OF BEHAVIOUR CHANGE: METHODS AND THEORIES

Facilitated by: Susan Michie, Falko Sniehotta and David French.

This year’s CREATE workshop had the following objectives:

• To increase understanding of

1. principles of good science within health psychology
2. applying theory to intervention development and evaluation
3. methods of theory testing and development

• To enable the application of this understanding to current and future research
• To foster ongoing collaboration between participants

Learning took place through a combination of prior reading, short taught components, small group work, participant presentations and practical exercises. The workshop included a strong focus on relating more abstract issues to the participant’s own research.

Workshop content was structured round MRC guidance for developing and evaluating complex interventions, see:

www.mrc.ac.uk/complexinterventionsguidance. The workshop therefore covered issues relevant to interventions to change health-related behaviours: (a) development; (b) feasibility/ pilot testing; (c) evaluation; (d) implementation into routine practice.

We discussed the following: good scientific practice in developing and testing health behavior interventions, using theory to guide intervention development, using interventions to develop theory, the importance of construct validity of interventions, assessing and maximizing fidelity of treatment to protocol, assessing what works, methods for reviewing evidence and testing theory, and how the field of behavior change interventions can be advanced. Participants were encouraged to relate these issues to their own research (whether planned or underway), to maximize engagement, interaction and learning.

Conference: 

From Knowledge to Interventions

File: 

French (2009) 1.pdf

French (2009) 2.pdf

Michie (2009) 1.pdf

Michie (2009) 2.pdf

Sniehotta (2009) 1.pdf

Sniehotta (2009) 2.pdf

COMPUTER TAILORED INTERVENTIONS

Facilitated by: Hein de Vries, Matthijs Eggers and Daniela Schulz (Maastricht University).

The goal of this workshop was to learn and to apply basic principles of computer tailoring. As the theoretical framework we used an integration of social cognitive models – such as social learning theory, theory of planned behavior, health belief model – referred to as the Integrated Model of Behavior Change, or the I-Change Model. We employed a special software package, the Tailored Health Builder. We worked in small groups of 4-5 people and developed brief computer tailored interventions.

Specific objectives of the workshop were:

• to learn the basic principles of setting up tailored interventions;
• to learn the basic principles of developing tailoring algorithms;
• to develop a small computer tailored intervention;
• to pilot and evaluate the computer tailored intervention.

Conference: 

Health in context

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, META-ANALYSIS AND QUALITATIVE META-SYNTHESIS

Facilitated by: Dr. Richard Cooke, Dr. Wendy Hardeman and Dr. Rachel Shaw.

The workshop took place from Sunday 18th to Tuesday 20th September, 2011

What was the focus?

• To understand the steps involved in conducting a systematic review and writing up for publication.
• To understand the steps involved in running meta-analysis and writing up results for publication.
• To understand the steps and principles involved in conducting a meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence.

The workshop was a mixture of lectures, group work and presentations from participants. Participants were encouraged to bring examples from their own research to the workshop.

Learning objectives were:

• To understand the steps involved in conducting a systematic review and writing up for publication.
• To understand the steps involved in running meta-analysis and writing up results for publication.
• To understand the steps and principles involved in conducting a meta-synthesis of qualitative evidence.

Conference: 

Engaging with Other Health Professions: Challenges and Perspectives

File: 

Cooke et al. (2011) Slides.compressed.pdf

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN PERSPECTIVE: ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PRACTICE

Facilitated by: Prof. Kerry Chamberlain (Massey University, NZ).

Slides from the workshop can be found below.

Kerry Chamberlain is a critical health psychologist who has used and written about qualitative research in health psychology for a number of years. His research focuses on health and the everyday, with specific interests in medications, media, materiality, mundane ailments, food, and disadvantage, and in qualitative research methodology.

WORKSHOP OVERVIEW:

The objective of this workshop was to provide health psychology researchers with information, directions and some practice in undertaking qualitative research on health topics. The workshop was aimed at researchers who are new to qualitative research or who have only limited experience in conducting qualitative research. Researchers with more experience in qualitative research also benefitted from the perspectives on such research offered during the workshop. The workshop was designed to build understanding, skill and confidence in undertaking qualitative research in health psychology. We take a critical approach to such work, and the workshop emphasised the themes of criticality, creativity and reflexivity throughout. We should also note that there is no ‘right way’ to do qualitative research – this workshop looked at one perspective on how to conduct worthwhile interpretative research that strives to be excellent.

The workshop was divided into five half-day sessions, plus a sixth shorter closing session, each with its own theme to be addressed and discussed (although these also interpenetrate). Each session had one exemplar reading that participants were expected to have read before the session.

SUNDAY, AUGUST 19: MORNING SESSION

Being Qualitative: epistemology; epistemophobia; social constructionism; objectivism; assumptions; theoretical frameworks; establishing research aims; using theory – theorising; keeping research aligned; bias; what are we aiming for?

SUNDAY, AUGUST 19: AFTERNOON SESSION

Methods and methodologies: methodological frameworks; why you don’t need a methodology; whose methodology is it anyway?; being innovative; data gathering; participants and sampling.

MONDAY, AUGUST 20: MORNING SESSION

Doing analysis: description and the garden path analysis, interpretation; why you would (almost) never do thematic analysis; responsibilities of the researcher; whose voice is it anyway?; the three stages of analysis; getting in and getting out; being reflexive; depth and scope; keeping aims in view; what’s the product?

MONDAY, AUGUST 20: AFTERNOON SESSION

Representation: what/whose story to tell?; keeping the aims in view, but can they change?; writing it up – voice, claims, interpretation, discussion, structure; what are quotes for?; who is the audience?; publication pressures and creativity; reflexivity in action.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 21: MORNING SESSION

Pushing the boundaries: methodological creativity and innovation; interpretative creativity and innovation; representational creativity and innovation; taking chances, making a splash.

TUESDAY, AUGUST 21: AFTERNOON SESSION

Being Qualitative – Reprise: where are we now.

READING:

Chamberlain, K., & Murray, M. (2008). Qualitative research in health psychology. In C. Willig & W. Stainton Rogers (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative methods in psychology (pp. 390-406). London: Sage.

This reading is intended to provide an overview of qualitative research in health psychology, and provide a overview background reading for the whole workshop.

Conference: 

Resilience and Health

File: 

CREATE 2012 Session 1.pdf

CREATE 2012 Session 2.pdf

CREATE 2012 Session 3.pdf

CREATE 2012 Session 4.pdf

CREATE 2012 Session 6.pdf

CREATE 2012 Session 5.compressed.pdf

INTENSIVE LONGITUDINAL METHODS IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

The workshop was facilitated by: Dr. Gertraud Stadler (Columbia University, NY), Prof. Jean-Philippe Laurenceau (University of Delaware, DE), Prof. Niall Bolger (Columbia University, NY)

In recent decades, researchers have become increasingly interested in understanding people’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in their natural contexts. The commonality in methods for doing so—experience sampling, daily diary, and ecological momentary assessment methods—is that they all involve intensive longitudinal assessments. These intensive longitudinal methods allow researchers to examine processes in daily life in a way that is not possible using traditional methods. Researchers can obtain repeated observations over the course of hours, days, and weeks.

Intensive longitudinal data, however, present several data analytic challenges stemming from the various possible sources of interdependence in these data. The multilevel or hierarchical linear model provides a flexible set of analytic tools that can take account of these complexities.

WORKSHOP TOPICS

• History and introduction to intensive longitudinal methods and designs;
• Analyzing the time course of intensive longitudinal data;
• Analyzing within-person processes;
• Categorical intensive longitudinal outcomes;
• Psychometrics of intensive longitudinal data;
• An introduction to mediation in intensive longitudinal data.
• The course will include lectures, software demonstrations, and computer lab work. Various software packages will be used, including SPSS, SAS, and Mplus.

DAY 1: SUNDAY, JULY 14, 2013

8:30 am to 9:00 am Registration and check-in
9:00 am to 10:30 am  1. Introduction
10:30 am to 10:45 am Coffee Break (15 min)
10:45 am to 12:30 pm  2. Modeling the Time Course of Continuous Outcomes
12:30 pm to 2:00 pm Lunch
2:00 pm to 3:30 pm  3. Modeling the Time Course of Continuous Outcomes: Using SPSS/SAS and Mplus
3:30 pm to 3:45 pm Break (15 min)
3:45 pm to 5:00 pm  Computer Exercises and Q&A

DAY 2: MONDAY, JULY 15, 2013

9:00 am to 10:30 am  4. Modeling the Within-Person Process: Continuous Outcomes

10:30 am to 10:45 am Coffee Break (15 min)

10:45 am to 12:30 pm  5. Modeling the Within-Person Process: Continuous Outcomes (con’t)

12:30 pm to 2:00 pm Lunch

2:00 pm to 3:30 pm  6. Modeling the Within-Person Process: Categorical Outcomes

3:30 pm to 3:45 pm Break (15 min)

3:45 pm to 5:00 pm  Computer Exercises and Q&A

DAY 3: TUESDAY, JULY 16, 2013

9:00 am to 10:30 am  7. Psychometrics of ILD

10:30 am to 10:45 am Coffee Break (15 min)

10:45 am to 12:30 pm  8. Within-Subject Mediation: Introduction

12:30 pm to 2:00 pm Lunch.

Recommended reading: Book chapters 1 to 5 and 9 of Bolger and Laurenceau (2013).

Conference: 

Well-being, Quality of Life & Caregiving

LEVERAGING MOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL MEDIA IN BEHAVIOURAL RESEARCH

24-26th August, 2014, Innsbruck, Austria.

The workshop was facilitated by: Dr. Sherry Pagoto (University of Massachusetts, MA), Dr. Kristin Schneider (Rosalind Franklin University, IL)

Presentation files from the workshop are available below.

DAY 1: MOBILE HEALTH

Commercial apps and the evidence: Guide for Providers  In this section, we aim to provide practical guidance to healthcare providers on evaluating and selecting health behavior apps that are already publically available. We will discuss a practical method to search for and select apps for clinical use, elaborate on practical recommendations for examining app content, function, and interaction, and provide an illustrative, step-by-step example using a case study of a patient seeking dietary assistance.

Commercial apps and the evidence:  Guide for Researchers  We will discuss three ways to scientifically evaluate commercial (post-market) apps. The first is a method for establishing the validity or efficacy of an app by comparing its content and functionality against an accepted standard. The second involves prospectively studying existing apps that include prospective data collection. Finally, we review principles for evaluating usability and functionality. The challenges associated with evaluating commercial apps are discussed, including the careful selection of the “best of breed.”

Designing studies that develop and test novel apps:   We will discuss the process of development and usability testing, feasibility, and development of mobile apps for behavior change using two of our app research projects as examples.

HANDS ON

Usability Testing:   To learn the process of usability testing, participants will conduct usability testing on pre-selected apps that vary in usability. We will review the steps of requirements gathering through paper prototypes, co-design sessions, iterative testing, “think aloud” protocols, and the Systems Usability Scale.

DAY 2:  SOCIAL MEDIA

What is social media?   We will explore the various forms of social media, usage worldwide, demographics of users, and the presence of healthcare, science, and medicine in social media.

WHY HEALTH RESEARCHERS SHOULD HAVE A SOCIAL MEDIA PRESENCE

Academics more than ever need to make the public and key stakeholders aware of their work.  This seminar is for faculty, students, administrators, and academic staff and covers how engagement in social media can benefit the academic career and increase one’s impact. Using social media professionally will also make the user aware of the ways it is being used by patients, healthcare systems, and healthcare professionals which is necessary to stimulate research ideas. Successful examples will be discussed as well as the time and effort necessary to build social media capital using various modalities. Participants do not need a background in social media to participate.

SOCIAL MEDIA IN HEALTH RESEARCH

The use of online social networks has become ubiquitous in recent years, which means we have new ways to interact socially and to disseminate information. The possibilities for health research are limitless. Patients are increasingly flocking to online social networks to learn more about their health conditions and interact with providers and other patients.  The phenomenon has been coined “peer-to-peer healthcare” by the Pew Research Center Internet and American Life Project, the group tracking the growth of this trend. This seminar is for faculty and students interested in leveraging online social networks for health research.  Participants will learn of the different ways social media has been leveraged to measure, understand and intervene upon disease and health behavior.  Some familiarity with social media (e.g., Facebook, Twitter) is strongly suggested (but not mandatory) for participation in this seminar.

HANDS ON

How to Get Started on Social Media  Participants will learn how to develop a social media presence on Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Linked In, and blogs.  Participants will identify their social media goals and be given recommendations regarding the social media outlet that best matches their goals. During the workshop, participants will open a Twitter account, learn to use its features, find relevant information, develop a base of followers, and produce content.  Participants will also learn where they can submit guest blog posts for maximal visibility and tips for writing blog posts.  Time management strategies will be discussed.  Participants should be equipped with computers and wifi for this hands-on workshop.  No previous experience with social media is necessary for this workshop.

DAY 3: SOCIAL MEDIA

Methodological Issues in Social Media Research   We will discuss how the various forms of social media can be used in recruitment, retention, intervention delivery, and observational research. Ethical issues will be reviewed as well as the challenges to conducting this research.

Conference: 

Beyond prevention and intervention: increasing well-being

File: 

EHPS Day 1a.pdf

EHPS Day 1b.pdf

EHPS Day 1c.pdf

EHPS Day 2a.pdf

EHPS Day 2b.pdf

EHPS Day 2c.pdf

EHPS Day 2d.pdf

EHPS Day 2e.pdf

WRITING SCIENCE FOR JOURNALS, FUNDERS AND OTHER AUDIENCES

30th August – 1st September, 2015, Cyprus.

The workshop will be facilitated by:

Dr. Jean Adams (University of Cambridge, UK),

Dr. Stephan Dombrowski (University of Stirling, UK),

Prof. Martin White (University of Cambridge, UK)

Apply here for the latest workshop

The 2015 workshop will facilitate the following:

• Developing knowledge and skills in writing on scientific topics for a range of audiences;
• Opportunities for focused writing of a manuscript or grant application of participants’ choice;
• Collaboration between early career researchers working in health psychology in Europe;

To develop skills in, and provide opportunities for, facilitated peer-review and feedback.

The form of the workshop will be interactive and collaborative throughout. Learning will be facilitated primarily through participants writing, reflecting on their own writing, taking part in facilitated peer review of each other’s writing, and sharing their previous and developing experiences.

DETAILED BREAKDOWN:

APPROACH

We will adopt an interactive and collaborative approach throughout. Formal presentations from facilitators will be kept to a minimum (around 20 minutes each). Learning will be facilitated primarily through participants writing, reflecting on their own writing, taking part in facilitated peer review of each other’s writing, and sharing their previous and developing experiences. Participants will work in small (max 5) groups. As far as possible, group members will not know or have worked with each other previously and groups will be organised to allow those working on papers and those working on grant applications to work together.

CONTENT

Participants will bring an idea for a paper or grant application that they have given some preliminary thought to, but not yet written; a very brief outline will be requested as part of the application process for attending the workshop. Throughout the workshop participants will focus on developing their own paper or application.

Conference: 

Principles of Behaviour Change in Health and Illness

MIXED METHODOLOGY IN HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY

The 18th Create workshop will be facilitated by Dr. Irina Todorova and Dr. Rachel Shaw.

Abstract

There has been increased interest in the use of mixed research methods in health psychology. The workshop will begin with a discussion of what is understood by “mixed methods research”, what are the advantages as well as the challenges and dilemmas in such an approach to research. The different types of methods are usually associated with different philosophical underpinnings, sometimes considered incompatible. Thus, we will review the ways in which psychologists have attempted to move forward with combining qualitative and quantitative methods while making sense of the paradigmatic differences – such as through post-positivist, constructivist, pragmatist and transformative paradigms.

We will explore diverse models for organizing mixed methods research and combining the components, based on the purposes of the project and its research questions.  Regarding the weight or priority given to the components, we will give examples of qualitatively driven or quantitatively driven studies. Regarding the timing – we will explore studies in which the qualitative and quantitative parts are concurrent, or sequentially organized.  While the integration of insights from the qualitative and quantitative components is key to mixed-methods research, during the design, questions arise regarding how to achieve this integration, as well as at which stage of the research to do so – at the time of data collection, or during the analysis, or in the interpretation/discussion of the results.

At each step we will process examples from our own as well as published research. This is likely to include: (1) a feasibility study aiming to test a medication review for people with dementia alongside a training intervention for care home staff caring for people with dementia in the UK; this involved qualitative elicitation research to develop the intervention, standardized outcome measures at baseline and follow-up, and a qualitative evaluation; and (2) a study of multidimensional barriers to cervical cancer prevention in Bulgaria and Romania, which included in-depth interviews with women and health providers, as well as nationally representative surveys. We will conduct multiple exercises using these examples and where appropriate will incorporate plans for your own mixed methods studies.  At the end of the workshop, participants will be familiar with the benefits and challenges of combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the ways in which they can be combined and integrated, will have tried some approaches through hands-on exercises and will have a better sense of which are the positions and techniques with which they most resonate.

Conference: 

Behaviour Change: Making an Impact on Health and Health Services

Promoted on slideshow: 

off

Dates: 

Sunday, August 21, 2016 to Tuesday, August 23, 2016

Teaser text: 

Join Create to learn all about mixed methodology

The 19th Create workshop will be facilitated by Gerjo Kok, Rob Ruiter and Rik Crutzen.

The workshop will focus on developing theory- and evidence-based interventions applied to health promotion and disease prevention. The emphasis of this workshop will be on applying the Intervention Mapping process. Intervention Mapping is a protocol for the design of health education & promotion programmes, guiding health promoters through a series of steps that will assist them in developing theory- and evidence-based programmes.

Objectives: Workshop participants will apply Intervention Mapping to selected public health problems. As a result, participants will be able to design their own effective theory- and evidence-based prevention intervention health problems in their personal work contexts. Participants may ask for consultations on their own projects.

Workshop format: Plenary sessions will cover the principles and processes of Intervention Mapping and include examples of health promotion programmes that have successfully applied the Intervention Mapping process. Small groups will discuss and apply the process to the selected health promotion topics.

Conference: 

Innovative Ideas in Health Psychology

Promoted on slideshow:  off

Dates: 

Sunday, August 27, 2017 to Tuesday, August 29, 2017

Teaser text: 

Join Create to learn all about planning health promotion programms with the Intervention Mapping approach!

CREATE 2018 Workshop on Career Development

In this two-day workshop facilitated by Pilvikki Absetz and Brian Oldenburg, you will have a chance to take a detailed look at your career, both as it has developed in the past and as you would like to see it progress in the future. What are your career goals? What milestones have you already reached and what do you see coming next? What are your most important skills and capabilities? How to ensure that you are using them to their full potential and how to develop new skills and capabilities to achieve your career goals? How to “package” or brand the skills in a way that makes them useful for academia, private sector or non-governmental organizations – whether as your employers, clients or collaborators? What kinds of networks do you need, and how to build and nurture them? How to communicate effectively within the networks and beyond? How to ensure ongoing capacity building? Do you have good life/career mentor(s)?

Career Summary Statement for Workshop Facilitators:

Pilvikki Absetz is a Research Director at the Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland (UEF); an Adjunct Professor of Health Promotion at the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere; and the CEO and sole owner of Collaborative Care Systems Finland (CCSF), a small enterprise providing services related to health promotion and disease prevention. She is a health psychologist specialized in dissemination and implementation of behavioral interventions to promote health and to prevent noncommunicable diseases, especially cardio-metabolic diseases.  She has worked extensively to develop strength-based approaches to lifestyle change and coaching of individuals and groups. She collaborates with private, public, and non-governmental organisations in designing, implementing and evaluating health promotion and disease prevention programs, and through the CCSF, she is an SME partner in international research projects. She has ongoing collaboration in many EU-countries, Australia, India, South Africa and Uganda. She is an experienced workshop facilitator, lecturer and trainer of professionals, as well as PhD supervisor.

Brian Oldenburg is Professor of Noncommunicable Disease Control in the School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia and Director of the Global WHO Collaborating Centre of Implementation Research for Prevention & Control of NCDs. He is a health psychologist and public health researcher who researches health policy, global health and the prevention and control of diabetes, heart disease and co-morbid mental health conditions. He has undertaken many ‘real world’ intervention trials, their evaluation and scale-up in health-care settings, work organisations, schools and other community settings in Australia and other countries, including Finland, China, Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka and South Africa. He has also developed and researched new technologies and m-Health interventions to improve health. He has produced more than 350 publications. He has been a recent Honorary Professor at research organisations and universities in Finland, Hong Kong, India and China. He has also led capacity building and training initiatives in low and middle income countries on behalf of US National Institutes of Health, the Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases and the World Health Organisation.

Conference: 

EHPS Conference 2018, Galway, Ireland

File: 

preliminary_schedule_2018.pdf

Dates: 

Sunday, August 19, 2018 to Tuesday, August 21, 2018

I am a Professor in Clinical Health Psychology at the Department of Psychology, University of Crete, Greece. For more than a decade, I served as the Head of the Counselling Center for Students at the University of Crete. In addition, I served as Head of the Department of Psychology, University of Crete for two years. I currently collaborate with the University of Crete Medical School, and the Faculty of Nursing and the Dental School at the University of Athens, and I am actively involved in the activities of local associations for the support of patients suffering from cancer. I have been a member of the European Health Psychology Society since 2002 and I was the Greek National Delegate for several years (2004 – 2010). Also, I have helped in the organization of seven EHPS conferences as a Scientific Program Track Chair or as a member of the Scientific Committee, and I was the Chair of the Organizing Committee and President of the 25th EHPS Conference in Crete. For the last two years, I served as a co-opted member of the EHPS Executive Committee (National Delegate Officer). This year, I was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Society. My research interests include patient adaptation to chronic illness, the role of stress and related factors in health and illness, individual differences in health, self-regulation and dyadic regulation. Currently, I am a member of the editorial board in seven international journals and an Assoc. Editor of Translational Behavior Medicine. As President-Elect, I plan to focus on the strengthening of the international impact of the EHPS, as well as on the enhancement of the collaboration with local national health psychology societies/organizations.